据Oil & Gas Journal网站7月29日报道 埃尼集团发布了18版《世界石油回顾》（WOR），这是《世界石油、天然气和可再生能源回顾》的第一卷。

WOR致力于石油储备、供应、需求、贸易和价格，尤其关注原油质量和炼油行业。第二卷《世界天然气和可再生能源回顾》将于秋季出版，该书主要关注天然气和可再生能源，如太阳能、风能和生物燃料。

2018年世界石油储量略有增长0.4%，达到16630亿桶，主要是由于美国的增长。2018年北美的石油储备增加了4.5%，达到2204亿桶。

巴西和挪威的储量也有所增加。欧佩克的石油储备则下降0.2%，至12136亿桶，尤其是伊拉克的规模缩小，即使欧佩克以73%的全球份额确认了其优势地位。

在所有的最高储量持有者中，第二是沙特阿拉伯和加拿大。2018年美国石油储备增长22.6%，达到515亿桶。

2018年石油产量整体增长250万桶/天，88%是因为美国创造了新的纪录，巩固了其世界石油生产国第一位的位置。另外美国也开始了国际原油贸易，出口量翻了一番，进入前十名。

加拿大的产量比一年前增长了8.1%，超过了500万桶/天的。俄罗斯的产量在今年下半年加速增长，也达到了创纪录的1150万桶/天。

尽管海湾国家，尤其是沙特阿拉伯实现增长，但欧佩克出现了零增长。

致密油产量的新记录继续增加了轻质低硫原油的份额，全球范围内这一比例上升了20%以上。美国轻质原油占全球增长的60%。首次将中低硫原油的产量降低至40%以下，同时对价格差异和炼油产生影响。

吴恒磊 编译自 Oil & Gas Journal

原文如下：

Eni: World oil reserves increased 0.4% in 2018

Eni SPA has released the 18th edition of its World Oil Review, which is the first volume of the report, World Oil, Gas & Renewables Review.

The WOR is devoted to oil reserves, supply, demand, trade, and prices with a special focus on crude oil quality and the refining industry. The second volume, the World Gas & Renewables Review, which focuses on gas and renewables sources like solar, wind, and biofuels, will be published in the fall.

In 2018, world oil reserves rose slightly by 0.4% to 1,663 billion bbl, mainly because of growth in the US. North America’s reserves increased 4.5% in 2018 to 220.4 billion bbl.

Reserves also increased in Brazil and Norway. The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries’ reserves dipped 0.2% to 1,213.6 billion bbl, in particular for the downsizing of Iraq, even if OPEC confirms its predominance with a 73% share of the total world.

Among the whole top reserves holders,? Saudi Arabia and Canada is the second . US reserves increased 22.6% in 2018 to 51.5 billion bbl.

Oil production in 2018 recorded an overall increase of 2.5 million b/d, 88% because of the US, which hit a new record, consolidating the first position in the rank of world producers. The US also broke into the international crude trade, doubling export volumes and entering the Top 10 ranking.

Canada’s production increased 8.1% from a year ago, exceeding the threshold of 5 million b/d. Russia’s production, which accelerated in the second part of the year, also reached a record of 11.5 million b/d.

Zero growth instead for OPEC which, despite the increases in the gulf countries, especially Saudi Arabia, suffered losses due to sanctions against Iran (-0.2 million b/d) and the collapse of Venezuela (-0.6 million b/d).

The new record of tight oil production continued to increase the share of sweet, light crudes, which rose above 20% worldwide. The US light crude covers 60% of global growth. The collapse of?somecountries’retreat prevailed over increases in Saudi Arabia and Iraq, reducing the weight of medium sour crude oil for the first time below 40%, with impacts on price differentials and refining.