据离岸工程7月31日消息，随着近海市场的增长势头，就业的主要驱动力正从页岩转向近海。

根据能源研究公司Rystad Energy的最新分析，2016年至2017年，美国二叠纪等陆上页岩盆地活动的增加，稳定了油田服务业的就业。

然而，该报告称，近海行业目前已处于领先地位，从2017年到2018年，前50大油田服务公司的总人数逐渐增加。

Rystad Energy油田服务团队副总裁Matthew Fitzsimmons表示：“这是近海批准增加的明显影响。我们预计，从2018年到2020年，近海投资将增长近一倍，并在未来5年维持高水平的支出。”

Rystad Energy预测，到2025年，对近海服务的需求将达到4420亿美元，比2018年增长45%。

在2015年至2017年，大量涉足近海行业的公司面临着活动减少的财务现实，导致累计员工数减少了31%。

随着近海市场的增长势头，潮流正在转向。2017年至2018年，在劳动力变动幅度最大的5家油田服务公司中，有4家主要从事近海行业。

在专注于近海业务的较小公司中，挪威航运公司索尔斯塔德从2017年到2018年的员工人数几乎翻了一番，对于市场状况的长期改善而言，这是一个重要的增长。

同样，钻井承包商Seadrill的就业人数增长了15%。该公司最近与沙特阿美和Equinor签署的一些合同获得了成功。然而，他们2018年年底的员工人数仅比2016年大规模裁员后多100人，仍然只有2014年的一半多一点。

Fitzsimmons补充称：“我们预计Seadrill的招聘需要持续到2022年，因为该公司所接触的市场将继续增长，能够提供签约机会。”

当Seadrill继续招聘工作时，他们将面临许多近海公司如今面临的同样的招聘挑战。

裘寅 编译自 近海工程

原文如下：

Oil, Gas Jobs Moves from Shale to Offshore

With offshore market gaining momentum the main driver of employment is shifting from shale to offshore.

According to new analysis by energy research firm Rystad Energy, increased activity in onshore shale basins such as the Permian in the US held employment in the oilfield service industry steady from 2016 to 2017.

However, the offshore industry has now taken the lead, gradually increasing the overall headcount of the top 50 oilfield service companies from 2017 to 2018, the report said.

“This is a clear effect of the increase in offshore sanctioning. We expect offshore commitments to nearly double from 2018 to 2020, and sustain high levels of spending over the next five years,” says Matthew Fitzsimmons, vice president on Rystad Energy’s oilfield services team.

Rystad Energy forecasts that the demand for offshore services will reach $442 billion in 2025, a 45% increase from 2018.

Companies greatly exposed to the offshore industry struggled with the financial realities of reduced activity in 2015-2017, resulting in a cumulative workforce decrease of 31%.

The tides are now turning as the offshore market gains momentum. Four out of the top five oilfield service companies with the largest workforce change from 2017 to 2018 were primarily exposed to the offshore industry.

Among the smaller players with a strong focus on offshore segments, the Norwegian shipping company Solstad has nearly doubled its workforce from 2017 to 2018 – a significant staff ramp-up which bet on the long-term improvement of market conditions.

Similarly, the drilling contractor Seadrill saw employment grow by 15%. The company has seen some recent contract award success with Saudi Aramco and Equinor. However, their 2018 year-end headcount is only 100 people more than after massive layoffs in 2016, and remains just over half of what is was as in 2014.

“We expect Seadrill’s hiring need to continue through 2022, as the markets the company is exposed to will continue to grow, offering contracting opportunities”, Fitzsimmons added.

When Seadrill continue to hire again, they will be faced with the same hiring challenges many offshore companies deal with today.