据离岸工程10月9日消息，能源研究公司Rystad Energy表示，到本世纪20年代，通过自动化和数字化，全球油气行业可以节省高达1000亿美元。
Rystad的研究称：“通过本世纪20年代的自动化和数字化举措，可从勘探与生产上游预算中削减多达1000亿美元。服务公司正在进行自我改造，以帮助运营商解锁这些节省的资金。”
2018年，3000多家上游公司的运营支出、油井、设施和海底资本支出达到了1万亿美元。在海上、页岩和常规陆上活动预算中，有不同程度的潜在节约，但总体而言，由于自动化和数字化，大约10%的支出可以通过更高效和更具生产力的运营而消除。
节省的金额可能是巨大的，一些运营商希望自动化和数字化可以降低10%到20%的钻井成本，设备和水下成本可以降低10%到30%。然而，并非所有的油田开发或钻井作业都具有相同的降低成本的能力。从国家石油公司到石油巨头，再到小型的勘探生产公司，整个供应商价值链的采用将会有所不同，因此到下一个十年末，实际的效率和协同效应将接近10%。
石油市场的低迷给了上游运营商和服务提供商强大的动力去适应和提高效率，或者被迫关闭工厂。
随着公司推出新的数字产品，供应商之间的竞争正在进行。仅过去三个月，斯伦贝谢、贝克休斯和TechnipFMC就发布了大量产品。
最近，斯伦贝谢、雪佛龙和微软在2019年9月17日启动了迄今为止规模最大的数字化项目之一。这个雄心勃勃的项目旨在可视化、解释并最终从勘探、开发、生产和中游行业的多个数据源中获得有意义的见解。
数字化的另一个驱动因素是，数据存储和处理的成本大幅降低，通过所谓的“物联网”增加的连通性使更多的数据得以有效消化。
尽管如此，海上平台的数字系统可以有大约5000到15000个传感器，而连接这些无数的数据点并不是一个简单的过程。考虑到数字化工作的复杂性，投资很可能主要针对新的绿地项目，而老化的生产资产将不再是优先事项。
裘寅 编译自 离岸工程
原文如下：
Digitalization: Oil Industry Could Save up to $100Bln
The global oil and gas industry can save as much as $100 billion through automation and digitalization in the 2020s, energy research firm Rystad Energy said.
"As much as $100 billion can be eliminated from E&P upstream budgets through automation and digitalization initiatives in the 2020s. Service companies are reinventing themselves to help operators unlock these savings," said the study by Rystad.
In 2018, $1 trillion was spent on operational expenditures, wells, facilities and subsea capital expenditures across more than 3,000 companies in the upstream space. There are varying degrees of potential savings within offshore, shale and conventional onshore activity budgets, but in total, around 10% of this spend can be erased through more efficient and productive operations thanks to automation and digitalization.
The amount of savings has the potential to be significant and several operators expect automation and digitalization to reduce drilling costs by 10% to 20%, and facility and subsea costs by 10% to 30%. However, not all field developments or drilling operations have the same capacity to reduce costs. Adoption across the entire value chain of suppliers from national oil companies (NOCs) to majors to smaller E&Ps will vary, so the realistic efficiencies and synergies will be closer to 10% by the end of the next decade.
The painful oil market downturn has given upstream operators and service providers a strong incentive to adapt and become more efficient or be forced to close down shop.
A race among suppliers is currently underway as companies roll-out new digital products; the last three months alone have seen major releases by Schlumberger, Baker Hughes and TechnipFMC.
One of the largest digitalization initiatives to date was recently launched on 17 September 2019, the result of a collaboration by Schlumberger, Chevron and Microsoft. This ambitious project aims to visualize, interpret and ultimately obtain meaningful insights from multiple data sources across exploration, development, and production and midstream sectors.
Another driver of digitalization is that data storage and processing have become significantly cheaper, and the increased connectivity through the so-called “Internet of Things” has allowed more data to be efficiently digested.
Nonetheless, the digital systems of an offshore platform can have around 5,000 to 15,000 sensors, and connecting this myriad of data points is not a straight forward process. Given the complexity of digitalization efforts, it is likely that investments will be primarily aimed at new greenfield projects, while aging producing assets will not be a priority.
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