全球海上风电市场增长30%

据世界能源新闻11月12日消息称，在2010年至2018年期间，得益于技术的快速进步，全球海上风电市场每年增长近30％，全球约有150个新的海上风电项目正在积极开发中。

由丹麦和德国政府资助的报告《2019年海上风能展望》称，在英国、德国和丹麦的领导下，欧洲尤其促进了该技术的发展，但中国在2018年增加的产能比任何其他国家都多。

然而，当今的海上风电市场甚至还远未开发出全部潜力由于大多数主要市场都有高质量的资源，海上风电在全球每年可产生超过42万太瓦时的潜力。

这是目前全球电力需求的18倍以上。

在与北海接壤的欧洲国家，海上风电产业的发展得到了促进，那里优质的风能资源和相对较浅的水域为开发海上风能技术并将其推向市场提供了非常好的条件。

政策支持已帮助欧盟在2018年底前实现近20吉瓦的海上风电装机容量。

欧盟的海上风电将强劲增长，目前的政策旨在未来10年将海上风电装机容量扩大4倍。

与欧洲一样，中国在海上风电领域也取得了长足进步，目前已跻身市场领导者之列。2018年，中国新增海上风电装机容量1.6吉瓦，居世界首位。

未来20年，全球海上风电市场将大幅扩张，按照既定政策，每年将增长13%。在政策目标和技术成本下降的支持下，全球海上风力发电能力预计到2040年将增长15倍，在未来20年成为一个价值1万亿美元的产业，与同期的天然气和燃煤发电能力资本支出相当。这一投资水平意味着，海上风能占全球可再生能源发电厂投资的10%。

在2040年之前，欧洲仍是技术领先的国家，但中国正在缩小这一差距，其原因是中国最近努力扩大其海上风电建设能力。在美国，州一级的目标为未来十年的快速增长奠定了基础。

印度、韩国也有雄心勃勃的目标，而日本和加拿大等其他国家正在为未来的海上风能开发奠定基础。

曹海斌 摘译自 世界能源新闻

原文如下：

Global Offshore Wind Market Grows 30%

The global offshore wind market grew nearly 30% per year between 2010 and 2018, benefiting from rapid technology improvements and about 150 new offshore wind projects are in active development around the world.

Europe in particular has fostered the technology’s development, led by the United Kingdom, Germany and Denmark, but China added more capacity than any other country in 2018, says 'Offshore Wind Outlook 2019', a report funded by the governments of Denmark and Germany.

Yet today's offshore wind market doesn't even come close to tapping the full potential – with high-quality resources available in most major markets, offshore wind has the potential to generate more than 420 000 TWh per year worldwide.

This is more than 18 times global electricity demand today.

The growth of the offshore wind industry has been fostered in European countries bordering the North Seas, where high quality wind resources and relatively shallow water have provided exceptionally good conditions in which to develop offshore wind technologies and bring them to market.

Policy support has helped the European Union reach nearly 20 GW of offshore wind capacity by the end of 2018.

Offshore wind is set for robust growth in the EU, with current policies aiming to multiply offshore wind capacity by 4 over the next decade.

Alongside Europe, China has taken strides forward on offshore wind and now stands among the market leaders. In 2018, China added 1.6 GW of offshore wind capacity, the most of any country.

The global offshore wind market is set to expand significantly over the next two decades, growing by 13% per year in the Stated Policies Scenario. Bolstered by policy targets and falling technology costs, global offshore wind capacity is projected to increase fifteen-fold to 2040, becoming a $1 trillion industry over the next two decades - matching capital spending on gas- and coal-fired capacity over the same period. This level of investment means that offshore wind accounts for 10% of investment in renewables-based power plants globally.

Europe remains the technology leader to 2040, but China closes the gap spurred by recent efforts to expand their construction capacities for offshore wind. In the United States, state-level targets set the course for rapid growth over the next decade.

India, Korea also have ambitious targets, while other countries, including Japan and Canada, are laying the groundwork for future offshore wind development.